Climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction (DRR) through coastal afforestation in South-Central Coast of Bangladesh

Basic information

• Case ID: INT-241-1
• Intervention type: Created habitats
• Intervention description:

  coastal afforestation including mound plantation and strip plantations: innovative use of the unused coastal lands and to put up non-mangrove species in salinity-dominated coastal belts by involving coastal people….Akashmoni trees are planted on the mound plantation sites. This species has been evaluated and selected by the Bangladesh Forest Research Institute for different inundated coastal habitats (Islam and Nandy, 2001). Each beneficiary received 0.404 hectares (1 acre) of land for mound plantation along with rice cultivation, and each family can earn BDT20,000–25,000 (US$11⁄4BDT84) or equivalent crop amount. This is a good amount of money for a landless family and the beneficiaries. They will also get a 65 per cent share of the mound plantation, which will be a good amount after 12–15 years. This is also an effective alternative livelihood option....costal afforestation have been considered to increase the resilience of protective ecosystems, reducing the climate change-induced vulnerability of adjacent coastal communities. All the afforestation projects implemented so far have been community-based efforts where the local stakeholders were fully participated in the fruitful execution of the projects. Therefore, the project outcomes secured their livelihoods for income generation....The Community-based Adaptation to Climate Change through Coastal Afforestation (CBACC) project has carried out 9,000 ha of mangrove afforestation

• Landscape/sea scape ecosystem management: Yes

• Climate change impacts	Effect of Nbs on CCI	Effect measures
  Storm surge	Positive	Adaptation/DRR: Climate impact is storm surge, coastal inundation "This project ensures not only the resilience of protective ecosystem but also protects critical infrastructures of the coastal areas, including embankment and roads, through community engagement and benefit sharing approach."
  Coastal inundation	Positive	"Adaptation/DRR: Climate impact is storm surge, coastal inundation ""This project ensures not only the resilience of protective ecosystem but also protects critical infrastructures of the coastal areas, including embankment and roads, through community engagement and benefit sharing approach.""

• Approach implemented in the field: Yes
• Specific location:

  Hatiya Upazila which is a part of an active delta of the three mighty river systems: the Ganges (Padma), Brahmaputra (Jamuna) and the Meghna (Figure 1).

• Country: Bangladesh
• Habitat/Biome type: Created forest |
• Issue specific term: Community-based adaptation
  Community-based (general)
  

Evidence

• Notes on intervention effectivness: "Both primary and secondary social and environmental data were collected and utilised to conduct this research. Field observations, focus group discussions (FGDs), semi-structured interviews, and field surveys were conducted in both the dry (November–May) and wet season ( June–October) of the year 2015. Five FGD sessions with participants from different livelihood options (fishermen, farmers and social representatives) were organised, and around 15–18 participants attended each FGD session. Participants from different communities expressed their risk perception and shared their viewpoint of CCA and mitigation through coastal afforestation, we have used a semi-structured open-ended questionnaire to collect field data. Both the CBACC-CF project beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries were involved in FGDs." --> although states compares beneficiaries to non-beneficiaries (which would think then would be a control) no further mention of this comparison is given
• Is the assessment original?: Yes
• Broadtype of intervention considered: Not applicable
• Compare effectivness?: No
• Compared to the non-NBS approach: Not applicable
• Report greenhouse gas mitigation?: No
• Impacts on GHG: Not applicable
• Assess outcomes of the intervention on natural ecosystems: Yes
• Impacts for the ecosystem: Positive
• Ecosystem measures: Qualitative statement (not clear if derived from quantitative data or qualitative from interviews of people's perceptions) "This led to increased species diversity in the land"
• Assess outcomes of the intervention on people: Yes
• Impacts for people: Positive
• People measures: "the outcomes are directly linked to the local communities - they impact their potential for adaptation, and outcomes highlight the contribution of mangrove planting to the local community Adaptation/DRR: Climate impact is storm surge, coastal inundation ""This project ensures not only the resilience of protective ecosystem but also protects critical infrastructures of the coastal areas, including embankment and roads, through community engagement and benefit sharing approach."" Local economies: The project provided income generation opportunities to the beneficiaries, through creating additional job opportunities in bed preparation, raising seedlings, plantation and maintenance."
• Considers economic costs: Yes
• Economic appraisal conducted: No
• Economic appraisal described:
• Economic costs of alternative considered: No
• Compared to an alternative: Not reported

Evaluation methodology

• Type of data: Mixed qualitative/quantitative
• Is it experimental: No
• Experimental evalution done: Not applicable
• Non-experimental evalution done: Empirical case study
• Study is systematic: